Preparing for a Major Winter Storm: Keeping Seniors Safe

Attorney RJ Connelly III Certified Elder Law Attorney Professional Fiduciary

As we set aside our Medicaid Planning series for the moment, our focus shifts to the predicted winter storm threatening New England late this weekend into Monday. With forecasts promising heavy snowfall and perilous icy conditions, this event could very well become one of the most severe winter storms we've faced in over a decade.

While New Englanders are familiar with the harshness of winter, this particular storm brings a sense of uncertainty and urgency about its potential impact. Additionally, weather observers anticipate a surge of frigid Arctic air just before and following the storm, which could prolong the challenges well into the month ahead. And if that's not enough, some forecasters are eyeing the potential for another major winter weather event next weekend.

"With this foreboding weather on the horizon, our primary concern is the well-being and safety of our senior citizens, who are particularly vulnerable to the dangers posed by extreme cold and hazardous conditions," said professional fiduciary and certified elder law Attorney RJ Connelly III. "In today’s blog, we will explore the importance of preparing for a major winter storm, offering some insights and practical strategies to ensure our seniors remain safe, warm, and comfortable during this potentially memorable weather event. As the storm looms, we want to empower everyone with the knowledge and resources necessary to confront winter's trials effectively. Together, we can navigate the storm’s aftermath—ensuring that once the snow settles and the roads are cleared, our resilient seniors can confidently return to their daily routines, finding comfort in the warmth of community and care."

Risks of Extreme Cold: Understanding the Health Concerns

Exposure to frigid temperatures can pose serious health risks for seniors, even during brief outings. As we age, our bodies become less efficient at regulating temperature, making it harder to stay warm and recognize when we are cold.

Hypothermia, which occurs when body temperature drops below 95°F (35°C), can develop quickly and may cause shivering, drowsiness, slurred speech, confusion, slowed breathing, weakness, and eventually unconsciousness or death if untreated. Certain medications, such as those for high blood pressure and depression, can also affect the body’s ability to regulate heat.

Frostbite is another concern, resulting in numbness, pale or waxy skin, tingling, and damage to skin and underlying tissues, most often affecting fingers, toes, nose, and ears. Seniors may also experience aggravated chronic conditions, such as heart disease, arthritis, or respiratory problems, when exposed to cold weather for extended periods. Slippery sidewalks and driveways increase the risk of falls, fractures, and other injuries, particularly for those with reduced mobility or balance.

Dangers of Shoveling: Why Extra Caution Is Needed

Shoveling snow might seem like routine winter maintenance, but for seniors, it can be risky and even life-threatening. The physical strain of lifting, twisting, and pushing heavy, wet snow increases the risk of muscle injuries and can put significant stress on the heart, especially for those with existing cardiovascular conditions, high blood pressure, or a history of heart problems.

Cold air constricts blood vessels, increasing the risk of a heart attack during strenuous activity. Symptoms of a heart attack during shoveling may include chest, shoulder, or jaw pain, shortness of breath, sweating, or nausea. It is important to listen to your body and stop immediately if you feel unwell.

Whenever possible, consider hiring help, using a snow blower, or asking a neighbor to assist. If shoveling is unavoidable, take frequent breaks, dress in warm layers, work slowly, and avoid overexertion. Be sure to use an ergonomic shovel and push snow rather than lifting it.

Older adults should also avoid or strictly limit alcohol consumption in cold weather, as drinking alcohol significantly increases the risk of hypothermia and cold-related injuries. Alcohol acts as a vasodilator, causing blood vessels near the skin to dilate and creating a false sense of warmth, while actually allowing body heat to escape rapidly. Although you may feel warmer, alcohol forces blood away from vital organs, dropping your core body temperature. Alcohol can also dull your awareness, making you less likely to notice getting too cold or to remove necessary layers of clothing. Alcohol impairs the body's ability to shiver, which is a natural defense for creating warmth, making it easier for your core body temperature to drop to dangerous levels.

What Winter Weather Terms Mean

As a storm approaches, you may encounter a variety of weather terminology. It’s essential to understand these terms and their implications for your safety and preparation. Familiarizing yourself with common meteorological terminology can help you make informed decisions. Here are some key terms you will likely hear:

Winter Storm Watch: Severe weather conditions, including heavy snow, ice, or sleet, may occur. It is advisable to be prepared for these potential hazards. Watches are issued when there are indications that a storm could develop, though it is not guaranteed to occur. Watches are usually put into place so the public can prepare before a warning is issued.

Winter Storm Advisory: Wintry weather, including snow, ice, or sleet, is anticipated. It is important to stay informed and prepare accordingly. Exercise caution while driving, as there may be travel delays. Advisories are issued when specific weather conditions are expected, indicating that while they may require attention, they do not warrant a severe warning.

Winter Storm Warning: Heavy snowfall, ice, or sleet is forecasted or currently occurring, indicating that it's important to take precautions. Weather warnings are issued to alert the public about significant weather events that are imminent or already in progress.

Blizzard Warning: A winter weather warning is issued when high-risk conditions are either imminent or currently occurring. These conditions may include snowfall or blowing snow, frequent wind gusts of 35 miles per hour or more, and reduced visibility of a quarter mile or less for at least 3 hours.

Wind Chill: Wind chill is an important concept that describes how cold it feels when low temperatures and high wind speeds combine. When the temperature drops and the wind picks up, our skin loses heat more rapidly, making the air feel even colder than it actually is. The Wind Chill Index quantifies this effect by assessing the rate of heat loss from exposed skin, providing a better understanding of the discomfort associated with cold, windy conditions.

Nor’easter: Nor’easters are storms here in New England, primarily driven by northeast winds. Most common from September to April, they bring heavy rain or snow, strong winds, and potential coastal flooding, causing significant disruption. In preparation for a Nor’easter, create an emergency plan, prepare a kit, and stay informed.

Flash Freeze: A flash freeze occurs when temperatures initially rise above freezing (32°F) and then rapidly decrease below freezing during precipitation, such as snow or rain. This sudden temperature drop can create hazardous conditions, leading to icy surfaces and potential travel difficulties.

Preparing for a Winter Storm: Smart Steps to Take

As we stand on the cusp of the impending storm, just two days away, a sense of urgency begins to fill the air. For everyone reading this on the morning of Friday, January 23, 2026, the clock is still ticking, providing a precious window to put the necessary preparations into place.

Those who have braved winter storms of yesteryears—like the notorious "Blizzard of 1978" and the unforgettable President's Day storm in 2003—might reflect on their experiences with a sense of familiarity. They often relied on instinct and common sense to navigate through the snow-draped chaos. However, this time, there's a significant twist. We now live in an era profoundly shaped by our reliance on social media, the internet, and cell phones—tools that were either nonexistent or only just emerging during those challenging winters. 

In today's world, power outages significantly impact our daily lives, affecting not only communication but also access to vital resources and information. Most people no longer own battery-operated transistor radios and instead rely on electric-powered internet-based apps like iHeartRadio for updates. Additionally, cell phones have largely replaced traditional landlines, leading to the decline of phone books that contained emergency contact lists. As you prepare for a storm, consider these changes in communication methods and adjust your preparedness strategies accordingly. Here are some steps to consider:

Stock up on essentials: Make sure to stock up on a sufficient supply of non-perishable food items, such as canned goods, dried fruits, nuts, and granola bars, that can last for at least several days. Aim for a variety of nutritious options to maintain a balanced diet during emergencies. Additionally, gather 1 gallon of bottled water per person per day and ensure you have enough to sustain your household for at least 3 days.

In terms of clothing, prepare warm layers including thermal undergarments, insulated jackets, hats, gloves, and sturdy shoes to keep you and your family comfortable in colder conditions.

If you have pets, remember to include their needs as well. Stock up on pet food, extra water, and any medications or safety supplies they may require. Having these essentials ready will help ensure a secure and comfortable environment for all members of your household in case of unforeseen circumstances.

Order medications in advance: To ensure your well-being during emergencies, it is crucial to refill any prescriptions well before approaching storms or severe weather. This proactive measure will help you avoid running out of essential medications when you need them most. Additionally, maintain an organized, up-to-date list of all your medications, including dosages and specific instructions for use. This list should also contain contact information for your healthcare providers, such as doctors and pharmacists, as well as emergency contacts, like family members or caregivers. Having this information readily accessible can be vital for obtaining assistance from medical personnel or loved ones should you encounter any health issues during an emergency.

Create an emergency plan: If your home becomes too cold, identify a safe, warm location to seek refuge. Consider reaching out to friends, family members, or neighbors who may be able to offer shelter during extreme temperatures. Additionally, research local warming centers—designated facilities often organized by community services that provide a safe, heated environment during cold-weather emergencies.

Once you have your options in place, communicate your plan with loved ones or caregivers. Make sure they understand where you intend to go and how they can assist you in case of an emergency. Establish regular check-in times or messages to keep them updated on your situation.

It’s also essential to keep a list of important phone numbers easily accessible. This should include contact information for your local emergency management office, your power company for outages, your pharmacy for medication needs, and your healthcare providers. By taking these steps, you ensure you have a solid plan in the event of cold weather and can maintain your safety and well-being.

Keep flashlights, batteries, and extra blankets handy: In the event of a power outage, having reliable sources of light and warmth can significantly enhance your comfort and safety. Consider strategically placing flashlights in easily accessible locations, such as on your nightstand near your bed and in main living areas like the living room or kitchen. Opt for flashlights with long-lasting LED bulbs to ensure extended use.

Additionally, stock up on hand warmers to maintain body heat during colder periods; these can be particularly helpful for both adults and children. A battery-powered radio is also essential for staying informed about weather updates and emergency announcements, so choose one with good reception and long battery life. Lastly, don't forget to assemble a well-stocked first-aid kit, complete with bandages, antiseptics, pain relievers, and any necessary prescription medications. Having these items readily available can make a crucial difference during unexpected situations.

Charge all electronics and backup batteries: Ensure that all cell phones, medical devices, and backup batteries are fully charged in anticipation of the storm. This includes checking the device settings for battery-saving modes and ensuring that any necessary software updates are completed to optimize performance.

Additionally, consider investing in a high-capacity portable power bank or a reliable solar charger to provide power during outages. Look for power banks with multiple USB ports and fast charging capabilities to accommodate several devices simultaneously. If opting for a solar charger, confirm it has sufficient wattage to charge your essential devices, and practice using it beforehand to familiarize yourself with the setup.

Insulate your home: While it may be too late for significant overhauls to your home’s insulation, there are several effective temporary measures you can implement to enhance your energy efficiency and retain warmth during the upcoming cold snap. Begin by sealing any drafts around windows and doors with caulk or weatherstripping to create a tight barrier against cold air infiltration. Close your curtains or drapes at night, as these can significantly reduce heat loss by providing an additional layer of insulation. Additionally, ensure that doors to unused rooms are kept closed to prevent unnecessary heat from escaping into less-often-occupied areas of your home. By implementing these strategies, you can create a more comfortable living environment while conserving energy during the colder months.

Prepare your vehicle: If you plan to drive, keep your gas tank at least half full to ensure you have enough fuel in case of unexpected delays or detours. Additionally, consider storing warm blankets, high-energy snacks like granola bars or nuts, and ample bottled water in your vehicle to keep you nourished and hydrated during your journey.

It's also wise to prepare an emergency kit that includes not only a reliable flashlight with extra batteries but also a well-stocked first-aid kit equipped with bandages, antiseptic wipes, and any necessary medications. Don't forget to include an ice scraper to clear your windshield and headlights, as well as a bag of sand or kitty litter, which can provide essential traction if you get stuck in snow or icy conditions. Such preparations can significantly enhance your safety and comfort while driving in challenging situations.

Power Outages: Staying Warm and Connected

If the power goes out during a winter storm, preserving heat and staying connected is vital. Close off unused rooms to keep heat concentrated in main living spaces, and stuff towels under doors to block drafts. Dress in several layers of loose-fitting, warm clothing, including hats, gloves, and thick socks. Use blankets to stay warm, and gather family members or pets together for shared body heat.

To conserve cell phone battery, lower the screen brightness, turn on battery-saver mode, close unused apps, and use your phone only for essential calls or updates. Send group texts to update multiple people at once. Charge devices before the storm and consider keeping a portable backup charger on hand. If you rely on medical devices that require electricity, notify your utility company and local emergency services before a storm so they can prioritize your home for restoration or provide resources.

Exercise extreme caution when utilizing alternative heating sources during the biting chill of winter. During this frigid season, it is imperative never to operate a generator, charcoal grill, or camp stove inside the warm but confined spaces of your home or garage. These seemingly harmless devices emit lethal carbon monoxide—a silent, invisible gas that wafts undetected, posing a grave threat to health and safety, and can lead, in the worst cases, to tragedy. Instead, for illumination, choose the gentle, flickering glow of battery-powered lanterns, and always keep a stash of matches or lighters readily available for unexpected emergencies.

Kerosene heaters can indeed provide that much-needed supplementary warmth amid the bitter cold, but they come with significant risks that require careful handling. One of the primary perils associated with these heaters is carbon monoxide poisoning, as they emit noxious fumes that can swiftly permeate poorly ventilated spaces, forming a hazardous environment. Furthermore, the risk of fire cannot be overstated; positioning them too near to flammable materials or allowing them to tip over can set the stage for devastating blazes that could engulf your surroundings.

Wood-burning stoves can be a reliable source of heat during relentless snowstorms, but they pose risks if safety measures are not followed. One of the most critical risks is improper chimney venting, which can occur when snow or ice accumulates and clogs the flue, allowing smoke and hazardous gases, such as carbon monoxide, to surge back into your living quarters. To mitigate these dangers, it is essential to routinely inspect the chimney to ensure it is entirely unobstructed and free of debris before and during use, particularly after heavy snowfall or icy rain. By ensuring that the vents remain free and clear, you play an essential role in safeguarding your household from potential fires, smoke inhalation, and the insidious threat of carbon monoxide poisoning.

Also, remember that improper storage and handling of fuel can dramatically elevate the risk of explosions or fires, emphasizing the critical need to adhere to stringent safety guidelines when operating these heating devices. In the face of dangerously low temperatures, consider seeking refuge at a community warming center, provided that traveling there is safe. Remember, your safety and well-being should always take precedence in such emergencies, guiding your decisions amid chilling adversity.

Safe Use of Candles: Preventing Fire Hazards

While candles can provide light during outages, they also pose a fire risk—especially for seniors with mobility or vision challenges. Never leave a burning candle unattended, and keep them away from curtains, bedding, paper, and other flammable materials. Place candles in sturdy holders on flat, uncluttered surfaces, and keep them out of reach of children and pets. Extinguish all candles before going to bed or leaving the room. If possible, use battery-operated lanterns or flashlights, which are much safer alternatives for lighting your home during emergencies. Keep a working fire extinguisher near your main living area, and make sure smoke and carbon monoxide detectors have fresh batteries and are in good working order.

Snow Emergencies

Rhode Island: For immediate snow emergencies, parking bans, or to report unplowed streets in Rhode Island, call local city/town public works departments or the Mayor’s Center for City Services (3-1-1 in Providence). For non-emergency social services, call 2-1-1. Sign up for local city CodeRED alerts for urgent updates. For immediate emergencies, call 9-1-1.

Massachusetts: For snow emergencies, call 2-1-1 for non-emergency information on shelters and resources. For immediate, life-threatening emergencies, call 9-1-1. For local, non-emergency snow issues (unplowed streets, parking bans), contact your city’s 3-1-1 service (e.g., Boston 311) or the Department of Public Works (DPW). Monitor Mass511 for road conditions. Sign up for local city CodeRED alerts for urgent updates.

Connecticut: For Connecticut emergency snow, shelter, or warming center information, dial 2-1-1 or visit 211ct.org. Local municipal websites (e.g., greenwichct.org) provide town-specific parking bans and plow updates, while Ready.gov offers preparedness tips. For immediate emergencies, call 9-1-1. Sign up for local city CodeRED alerts for urgent updates.

A Final Thought

"Winter weather doesn’t have to be frightening, but it does require awareness and preparation, and most of us have been through this before. By taking practical precautions—such as preparing your home, stocking up on supplies, ordering medications in advance, and understanding your health risks—you can stay safe, warm, and comfortable during even the most severe storms," said Attorney Connelly. "Stay in regular contact with family, neighbors, or local senior resources, and don’t hesitate to ask for help if you need it. Remember, planning ahead is the best way to protect yourself when temperatures drop and conditions become dangerous. Stay informed by monitoring weather forecasts and local emergency alerts, and keep all emergency supplies readily accessible."

The information presented within this blog is intended exclusively for general informational purposes and should not be construed as legal, financial, or healthcare advice. The content, materials, and insights provided may not reflect the most recent developments in these fields and, therefore, should not be relied upon for personal or professional decisions. Further, this blog may contain links to third-party websites, which are included solely for the convenience of our readers. It is essential to note that Connelly Law Offices, Ltd. does not automatically endorse or recommend the contents of these external sites. Given the complexities and nuances of legal, financial, or healthcare matters, we strongly encourage individuals to consult a qualified attorney, a professional fiduciary advisor, or a healthcare provider regarding any specific issues or concerns. Your well-being and informed decision-making are of paramount importance to us.